Table Of Contents
I.S.O. Australian Parquet Manufacturing Pty Ltd
Manufacture product in strict conformity with the requirements of Australian Standards as 1261/ 1262 - 1972 and International Standards I.S.O. 9000 Manufacturing Facilities Australia
Introduction
This catalogue will formally introduce to you the 14 totally unique Wood
Floor Systems in which our Company specialises.
We would encourage you to
carefully read the section entitled "Product Range Described" from which you
will derive a good appreciation of the typical uses and particular attributes,
applicable to each of the systems detailed in this publication.
The entire presentation of this catalogue has been so arranged to facilitate the easiest reference to information relating to all aspects of specification, preliminary work or associated trade works that would normally be involved in the installation of any one of these Wood Floor Systems.
This catalogue contains many industry specific facts, and
is designed to be used as an encyclopaedia for the Wood Floor Industry.
Every effort has been made in compiling this catalogue to ensure that each
system which you specify will become a "Hallmark in Feature Floors" to
compliment your building.
They represent a Standard of Excellence which
our Company proudly a broad range of very demanding clients.
We take great
pride and pleasure in placing this Technical Catalogue in your reference
library and would encourage you to utilise our expertise in the Wood Floor
Industry by discussing any of your project requirements with us.
Our
emphasis is at all times to present you and your clients with outstanding
design and performance in high quality Wood Floors. Floors that are designed to
become distinctive land marks in modern architecture.
We look forward to
being of service.
Gerald Roger Swindale
Managing Director
Technical Credentials of our Directors
More Technical Credentials here
For over 30 years the Directors of Thrust Floors International Pty
Ltd have specialised in the Design, Manufacture, Marketing and Installation
of Parquet Specialised Wood Floor Systems, throughout Australia.
The
company has had extensive experience in installing major works in every
Australian State as well as major off shore contracts.
For twenty (20)
years the Chairman, Mr Gerry Swindale, owned and operated throughout Australia
the George Hudson Parquetry Flooring Group, incorporating the following
companies:
George Hudson Parquetry Manufacturers Pty Ltd,
George Hudson
Parquetry Sales Pty Ltd,
George Hudson Parquetry Installations Pty
Ltd,
prior to their sale to the Adsteam Group.
Our Chairman, as Senior Director of the largest manufacturer of parquet
in Australia, has largely been responsible for the widespread marketing, sale
and installation of a very broad range of Parquet Specialty Wood Floor products
and systems and has had a major influence on the trends in style design of Wood
Flooring in Australia.
Our Directors have been responsible for the Design
and Marketing of new Wood Floor concepts and systems, which have been
recognised by the awarding of the prestigious Australian Design
Award.
Our Directors have been responsible for the design and establishment of various Patents and Intellectual Property in both Australia and Asia in the Wood Floor Industry.
Our Directors are regularly used as Consultant to Commonwealth and State Departments, Architects, Engineers and Acoustical Engineers and Interior Designers, in the design and formulation of specifications applicable to a wide range of specialised conditions.
Following the sale of the George Hudson Parquet Flooring Group, Mr Swindale established the following companies which he owns and operates.
Australian Parquet Industries Pty Ltd
Australian Parquet
Manufacturing Pty Ltd
Thrust Floors International Pty Ltd
Mr Swindale is Chairman and Managing Director of the above companies.
During the past 30 years Mr Swindale has been responsible for the Design, Manufacture, Sale and/or Installation for a great majority of the Parquet and Specialty Wood Floors installed in prime Public Buildings in all States and Territories in Australia.
Mr Swindale established the "Air-Thrust" Pneumatic Sports Hall Flooring System in Australia and Asia and has been personally responsible for the installation of over 850 major sporting installations including the National Stadium - Canberra.
Mr Swindale has contracted major installation works in both Asia and the Middle East and was responsible for heading a Technical Team to both London and Kuwait immediately after the Middle East War.
Mr Swindale is the author and publisher of
the 100 page Architectural Technical Catalogue entitled:
"Perfection in
Parquet "
widely used throughout Australia New Zealand as the "Bible"
of the Parquet Specialty Wood Floor Industry.
This publication is also used by key Engineers, Designers, Architects and other specifiers in parts of the U.S.A. and Asia.
More Technical Credentials here
Member of the following Professional Bodies Associations
| M.H.I.A. M.M.B.A. M.B.E. M.I.P.S.M. J.P. H.I.A |
* Member - Housing Industry Association * Member - Master Builders Association NSW * Member - Builders Exchange President for three (3) years) * Member - Institute of Purchasing Supply Management * Member - Executive Committee - Technical * Justice of the Peace NSW * Chairman - HIA - PTFC Professional Timber Flooring Council |
| * Represents the H.I.A. - Professional Timber Flooring
Counciling formulating Australian Standards for Wood Floor Industry. * Member - 11 man National Committee of Timber Development Association on Improving the Performance of Timber Floors. * Member - National Wood Flooring Association USA |
Product Range - Described
Back to index
Parquet is available in many varied forms to meet a broad range of practical and aesthetic design requirements. Various forms of parquet can be chosen for use in conjunction with, any one of a wide range of hardwood timber floor "Systems" to meet specific project requirements. Listed below is a summary of our range of Wood Floor Systems each purpose designed to meet specific flooring needs.
1. Total Bond Mosaic
Parquet
2. Perfection Wood Block
Parquet
3. Perfection Wood Block Parquet T G
End Matched
4. End
Grain Industrial Wood Block Parquet
5. Embossed
Parquet - Mosaic
6. Embossed Parquet - Wood Block
7. Thrust
Floors - "Cushion-Of- Air " Pneumatic Sports Hall Flooring
8. Thrust
Floors - "Cushion-Of- Air " Pneumatic Squash Court Floors
9.
Thrust Floors - "Cushion-Of- Air " Pneumatic Ballroom Flooring
10. Thrust
Floors - "Cushion-Of- Air " Acoustical Flooring System
11.
Anchor-Loc - Hi-Point-Load Structural Sheet Sub-Floor
System
12. Pre-Plank - Prefinished "Acoustical" Plank Flooring
13. Custom Classic - Panel Floor Construction
14. Aristocrat
- Designer Range Of Sculptured Floors
INDEX
"Total Bond" Mosaic Timber Parquet
"Total-Bond" Mosaic
Timber Parquet - Patterns Designs
"Perfection" Block Parquet - Side
Grain, Square Milled
"Perfection" Block Parquet- Patterns
Designs
"Perfection" Block Parquet - Side Grain, Tongue Grooved, End
Matched
"End Grain" Industrial Wood Block Parquet
"Embossed
Parquet" - Mosaic Timber Parquet
"Embossed Parquet" - Wood
Block
"Thrust Floor" - "Cushion-Of-Air" Pneumatic Sports Hall
Flooring
"Thrust Floor" - "Cushion-Of-Air" Pneumatic Squash Court
Flooring
"Thrust Floor" - "Cushion-Of-Air" Pneumatic Anchor-Loc" -
Hi-Point-Load Structural Sheet Sub-Flooring System
"Pre-Plank -
Prefinished Plank Flooring
"Custom Classic" - Panel Floor
Construction
"Aristocrat" Designer Range Of Sculptured Floors
"Total-Bond" Mosaic
What Product To Use Where -
Photographs - Typical Mosaic Parquet Installations
What Product To
Use Where - "Perfection" - Side Grain, Square Milled Block Parquet
Photographs - Typical Block Parquet Installations
What Product To Use Where
- "End Grain" "Perfection" Block Parquet
Enclosure "Perfection In
Parquetry Flooring" Brochure
What Product To Use Where -"Embossed
Rustic" Parquet
Photographs
Typical "Embossed Rustic" Parquet
Installations
Enclosure "Embossed Rustic" Parquet Brochure What Product
To Use Where "Thrust Floors" Pneumatic "Cushion-Of-Air" Flooring
Construction
Photographs
INDEX
" Sprung Ballroom Flooring "
"Thrust Floor" -
"Cushion-Of-Air" Acoustical Flooring System accompanying acoustical report by
Louis A. Challis Associates Pty Ltd
" Typical "Thrust Floors"
Pneumatic "Cushion-of-Air" floor installations
Enclosures "Thrust
Floors Sports Hall" Brochure
"Thrust Floors Squash Court"
Brochure
What Product To Use Where - Covering "Anchor-Loc" -
Hi-Point-Load Structural Sheet Sub Flooring
"Preplank" Prefinsihed
Plank Flooring
Preliminary Specification Clauses
"Check List" Of Comprehensive Clauses
Standards - Australian/
International 126.01-1260.2 1997
Specification Clauses -
"Total-Bond" Mosaic Parquet
"Total-Bond" Mosaic
Parquet - Notes
"Perfection" Block Parquet - Side Grain, Square
Milled
"Perfection" Block Parquet - Notes
"Perfection"
Block Parquet - Side Grain, Tongue Grooved, End Matched
"Perfection"
Block Parquet - Side Grain, Tongue Grooved, End Matched, Wood Block - Notes
"End Grain" Industrial Wood Block Parquet
"End Grain" -
Notes
"Embossed Parquet" Mosaic Parquet
"Embossed
Parquet" Block Parquet
"Thrust Floors" Cushion-Of-Air Pneumatic
Sports Hall Floor Typical Skirting and Threshold Details
"Thrust
Floors" Cushion-Of-Air Pneumatic Squash Court Floor
"Thrust
Floors" Cushion-Of-Air Pneumatic Squash Court Floor Typical Venting Detail
for Squash Court Wall and Doorway Treatment
"Thrust Floors"
Cushion-of-Air Pneumatic Sprung Ballroom Floor
"Thrust Floors"
Cushion-of-Air Pneumatic Sprung Ballroom Floor Typical Threshold Detail
"Thrust Floors" Cushion-of-Air Acoustical Flooring System
"Anchor-Loc" Hi-Point-Load Structural Sheet Sub-Floor System
"Pre-Plank" Prefinished Acoustical Plank Floor
"Custom
Classic" Panel Floor Construction
"Aristocrat" Designer Range Of
Sculptured Floors
Sub-Floor Requirements
Differing types of sub-floors
Trowelable underlays
Timber
Sub-floor Preparation - Concrete/ Timber/ Plywood/ Particle Board/ Magnesite
Inspection Testing of Sub-Floors
Moisture Testing Equipment - Concrete
and/or magnesite sub-floors
Acid Etching
Heated Sub-Floors
Adhesives
Timber Species - And Their Particular Attributes
Where
You Should Use Parquet - And Why
Domestically
Commercially
Industrially
Floor Finishes - Types, Details And Comments
Maintenance
The Do's And Do Nots
"Embossed Rustic" Parquet
"Thrust
Floor" Pneumatic Sports Floors
"Thrust Floor" Ballrooms
Floor Protectors
Electrostatic Dust Control Mops
Electrostatic
Dust Control Mats
Scheduling Information For Various Types Of Wood Floors
Warranties
Line Markings
Domestic
Mosaic parquet is very suitable for use in the indoor areas of both domestic and commercial buildings alike.
The extensive range of patterns and designs in “Total Bond” Mosaic allows the client/specifier to select a specie of timber and a chosen pattern to suit any mood. “Feature strips” and/or “Feature Borders” may also be introduced to suit individual taste and as a complement to any the decor.
In domestic homes, Mosaic Parquet with regular care and maintenance, will last very many years, if not the life of the home. Being of solid natural timber, Parquet is not suitable for external use nor for use in wet areas such as bathrooms or laundries. However, there is not a home that should not have, a Parquet Floor!
Commercially, “Total Bond” Wood Mosaic opens an almost limitless range of possibilities for use.
It is ideal for Shopping Centres, Dance Floors, Motor Vehicle and similar Showrooms, Offices, Shops, Schools, Colleges, Play Centres, Child Minding, Handicapped Children’s Areas, Banks, Theatres, Restaurants and Universities. It is of course the playing surface for our range of “THRUST FLOORS” Pneumatic Sports Hall Floor Systems.
“Total Bond” Wood Mosaic
can be treated with a wide range of surface finishes which provide minimum
maintenance and
exceptional longevity. When used commercially, it is wise to install mat wells,
fitted with Electrostatic Dust Control Mats immediately inside external
doorways. This simple precaution prevents mud and slush being walked into the
building and onto parquet, treatment which does not enhance the appearance of
any floor.
The inclusion of these sometimes “insignificant” items
does much to provide facilities that are “well designed” to cater for
years of wear and tear, minimum maintenance and retain handsome natural
beauty.
Special Thicknesses
While “Total Bond” Mosaic is produced in a standard 9 mm thickness, 19mm is also available for use in Shopping Malls, Motor Showrooms or other specialist applications.
What Product To Use Where
Mosaic
What Product To Use Where
”Perfection - Side Grain, Square Milled Wood Block Parquet
Wood Block Parquet is the more “traditional” form of the product. As such, each block is individually laid into the floor, making each floor matrix a completely Hand Crafted Installation. Advancement in adhesive technology allows this product to be installed without the need of interlocking tongues and grooves, giving greatly increased wear life to the floor. The 19 mm thickness of this product provides for lifetime wear of this floor in Domestic and Light Commercial applications.
Domestically
Domestically, it enables the client to select patterns and designs
which are limited only by one’s own imagination. “Feature
Border” work is often a hallmark in Wood Block Installations, which sets
these floors apart from any other as being creatively Distinctive, Elegant,
Natural and a reflection of one’s Personal taste.
Wood
Block Flooring allows one to create highly distinctive Feature Flooring that
may be “quiet and subtle” or “bright and vibrant”,
according to your selection of timbers and patterns. You may create what you
will, but you will still retain the handsome, natural charm that only Wood -
Natural, Beautiful, Earthy Wood can impart.
Commercially, “Perfection” Wood Block is especially suitable for use in Clubs, Hotels, Civic Centres, Town Halls, Hospitals, Banks, Libraries, Theatres, Restaurants, Universities, Recording Studios and Churches.
Many of the World’s great hotels feature Wood Block Flooring in Reception areas, Ballroom and Dance Floors. The 19mm thickness of this product makes it extremely stable and long wearing, qualities which are important when considering the use that some of these floors are to withstand. The handsome, natural character of the product does much to create atmosphere. It’s thickness is consistent with that of carpet and underfelt to ensure consistent levels.
Wood Block is exceptionally well suited for Light Industrial use in Clothing Factories, Light Engineering Works, Motor Vehicle and other Showrooms. It is particularly well suited for use in Schools and Colleges, Offices, Shops and Shopping Malls. As with all our products “Perfection” Wood Block can be treated with a wide range of surface finishes that will provide for minimum maintenance and long life.
“Perfection” - Side Grain, Tongue And Grooved, End Matched, Wood Block Parquet
“Perfection” Side Grain, Tongue and Grooved, End Matched, Wood Block Parquet Flooring can be used anywhere that Square Milled material would otherwise be used.
The basic difference between Tongue and Grooved End Matched material and its Square Milled counterpart, is that the former has been used for centuries by installation with Hot Bituminous Mastic, prior to the advent of more sophisticated adhesives. Sections of the European market still prefer Tongue & Grooved product.
Due to the fact that bleeding of the bitumen would occur if a Tongue and Groove were not used, this product must necessarily have its interlocking method of connection. This system of flooring, however, has benefits to offer over and above the Square Milled Design. Firstly, extensive research by experts in the field has described this system as the most preferred form of flooring for Electrical Workshops, Schools of Electrical Engineering, County Council Workshops, Welding Bays and areas throughout industry where high voltage electric tools and machinery are being used. The thermal insulation as well as the electrical insulation of (A) The Bed of Bituminous Mastic and (B) The Solid Timber Wood Block, provides a high degree of safety in areas where “mistakes can be fatal”.
What Product To Use Where
End Grain “Perfection ” - Wood Block Parquetry
Decoratively
End Grain may be used decoratively wherever one wants to create an environment that projects boldness and strength. End Grain definitely establishes that “air of distinction”. Even to the uninitiated, End Grain Wood Block is a superbly handsome creation. The warmth and depth of this product really has to be seen to be appreciated.
Whether in your home or in the foyer of the Hilton - end grain wood block will create an outstanding impression with your associates and silently portrays the character of a discerning choice.
Industrially
End Grain - Heavy Duty Wood Block flooring may be used
wherever machines, equipment and/or manufacturing processes damage the floor,
or where extreme traffic is encountered.
This product is meant to take
heaps of abuse. From Government Printing Offices to bulldozer/heavy machinery
manufacturers, oils, grease and heavy equipment can subject this style of floor
to extreme abuse.
Of prime importance is the fact that the “End
Grain” of the product shows almost negligible wear, even after years and
years of traffic weighing many tons. This fact is important for more reasons
that might be obvious.
Those who have ever seen a factory or warehouse with
heavy forklift or pallet truck movement know just how much concrete and similar
floors wear (even when supposedly “treated” or “coated”. It
is however, grit and concrete dust that plays such havoc with the working parts
of tremendously expensive machines.
The result of such wear can be
devastating. What’s more the operating costs of the business, the all-up
cost of replacing parts and the down-time on production machines is enormous.
The utilisation of this style of heavy duty Wood Block provides excellent
traction, excellent absorption of oils, grease, inks and dirt, and where sever
damage occurs to a block, it is a simple matter to remove and replace same.
By comparison with an “End Grain” Wood Block Floor, a concrete floor
given severe punishment can soon look like the surface of the moon with grit,
dust and missing sections of concrete being picked up by traffic and
transferred to the working parts of valuable machinery.
The warmth and natural beauty of our wide range of prized Australian
and selected South Pacific hardwood timbers can be used to compliment any decor
whilst adding that noble touch of luxury to your living.
You can completely
transform any room in your home to a room of function and great beauty to the
admiration of all your friends - simply by installing one of our hand crafted
floors.
You may wish to create a rugged Spanish atmosphere among timber
beams, exposed brickwork and metal work or just present the quiet evidence of
distinctive taste in conservative living. Lovers of fine music will appreciate
the added advantage of Parquet for its outstanding acoustic qualities.
Incorporate inlaid feature strips or intricate border patterns to achieve that
“air-of-distinction” in one’s interior design. All
Australian Parquet Industries Products are installed by our own highly skilled
craftsmen and are available in numerous designs and patterns in an
extraordinary range of timber species to suit any decorator or architectural
requirement.
Mosaic
* Standard Woodweave
* Haddon Hall
* Gothic
* Parallel
Finger
* Checkerboard
* Brickbond
* Herringbone
* Domino
*
Damo
* Moella
* Kempas
* Nyatoh
* Merbau
* Keruing
* Kembang
*
Balau
* White Tulip Oak
* Hevea
* Silvertop Stringy Bark
*
Blackbutt
* Tallowwood
* European Oak
* American Oak
* Iron
Bark
* Cypress
* Queensland Spotted Gum
* Victorian Mountain
Ash
* Jarrah
* Karri
* Tasmanian Oak
* Blue Gum
* European
Birch
* European Beech
* Canadian Maple
* Killarney Ash
Block
* Brickbond
* Herringbone
* Jefferson
* Antionette
*
Woodweave (Square On Square)
* Basketweave
* Checkerboard
* Haddon
Hall
* Abbott
* Ashlar
* Tuscany
Australian Parquet Industries “Total Bond” Mosaic, “Perfection” Block and End Grain “Perfection” Block parquetry is highly suitable for use over concrete, timber, particle board, magnesite and Hardboard Sub-Floors “Total Bond” Mosaic Parquet
| Perfection Block Parquet | End Grain “Perfection” Block Parquet | |
| Parquetry shall be supplied and securely fixed by A.P.M. and is to be select grade, kiln dried ...(nominated timber specie)... Mosaic 9mm Parquetry, to a level, clean and dry (timber or steel trowelled concrete) sub-floor, utilising our specially formulated “Hi-Bond” adhesive. On completion of laying, fine sand then thoroughly seal the floor by applying two full coats of an approved sealer, then apply one full coat of spirit based wax, buffed to a gloss finish. | Parquetry flooring shall be supplied and securely fixed by A.P.M. and is to be select grade, kiln dried, 350mm x 70mm x 19mm square milled side grain ... (nominated timber specie)... “Perfection” Block Parquetry, to a level, clean and dry (timber or steel trowelled concrete) sub-floor utilising a specially formulated Hi-Bond polyurethane adhesive. On completion of laying, fine sand, fill then thoroughly seal the floor by applying two full coats of an approved sealer, then apply one full coat of spirit based wax, buffed to a gloss finish. | Parquetry flooring shall be supplied and securely fixed by A.P.M. and is to be select grade, kiln dried ...nominated size and timber... End Grain “Perfection” Block Parquetry to a level, clean and dry (timber or steel trowelled concrete) sub-floor utilising a specially formulated “Bostik” Ultraset Waterproof Adhesive & Priming System. On completion of laying, fine sand fill, then thoroughly seal the end grain of timber by applying two full coats of an approved sealer, then apply one full coat of spirit based wax, buffed to a gloss finish. |
Installations of “Total Bond Mosaic” or
“Perfection” Block Parquet carried out by Australian Parquet Industries are fully guaranteed
against any defects of material and/or workmanship for a period of Ten (10)
years.
A.P.M. shall be responsible for inspecting the surface prior to
installation to ensure that the sub base is a suitable finish on which to lay
parquetry.
What Product To Use Where
“Embossed Parquet”
Mosaic And Block
“Embossed Parquet” should be used in any area where a
HI-TRACTION Work Floor is required around machinery.
The product is
typically being used by Schools and Colleges in the wood Work, Metal Work and
Craft Areas of these buildings.
The product is ideal for use in both office
and workshop areas of small engineering works where people can walk their
dirty, greasy boots all over the product, without care.
The floor does
provide very good thermal insulation in addition to being well suited for the
use of electric tools.
It is important to recognize that, “Embossed
Parquet” is not designed as a floor of beauty, but as a practical work
floor and for its safety attributes. With all that however, creative people
have used the product to establish an environment that projects that rustic or
old world charm, in restaurants, galleries and the like.
Thrust Floors “Cushion-Of-Air ” Pneumatic Flooring Construction
Simply stated, “Thrust Floors” should be used whenever
and wherever one requires a Sprung Floor. “Thrust Floors”, in
our opinion, is the simplest, the most unique form of Sprung Floor Construction
in the world to-day. What’s more, it includes every possible safeguard
that can be built into any timber floor system.
Ten (10) Year
Warranty and outstanding world wide reputation
of this System allows it to stand alone as the finest wood floor system for the
following range of specialised and multi-purpose facilities. Remember, all this
in just 40mm overall height.
* Stadiums
* Indoor Hockey
* Carpet Bowls
* Multi-Purpose
Halls
* Gymnasium
* Judo
* Basketball Courts
* Theatres
* Jujitsu
* Volley Ball Courts
* Roller Skating
* Martial Rinks
Arts
* Badminton Courts
* Ballrooms
* Karate
* Netball
Courts
* Dance Floors
* Weightlifting
* Squash Courts
* Schools
Of Ballet Gyms
* Table Tennis Courts
* Recording Studios
* Stage
Construction
* Restaurants
Thrust Floors “Cushion-of-Air” should be used wherever any application introduces a problem of Impact Sound, Air-Bourne And/Or Reverberation.
What Product To Use Where
“Anchor-Loc” Hi-Point-Load, Structural
Sheet Sub-Floor
Back to index
This System should be used only when existing sub-floors need up-grading to produce either a structurally sound or suitably “keyable” surface. The System is most often used to provide different facilities in existing structures. While the sub-floor itself can be used as a finished floor, this is not intended, and the life of the top veneer of plywood would be limited.
“Pre-Plank” Parquet - Prefinished Plank Parquet
“Pre-Plank” Parquet - Prefinished Parquet Floors is primarily designed for Domestic Installation and/or Shopping Centre Fit outs for areas where one wishes to create that unusual and decorative feature floor in longer strips of timber, with very rapid installation times. Preplank offers a fine selection of beautiful and exotic timber species that have been ingeniously engineered to provide a structurally stable floor for use in overcoming “problem” situations. Preplank has outstanding advantages for rapid fit out work in air conditioned high rise and shopping centre developments.
“Prepark” Prefinished Parquet
“Prepark” Prefinished Parquet is suitable for use wherever “Total Bond” Wood Mosaic Parquet is used.
“Plank” Parquet - Prefinished Plank Flooring
“Plank” Parquet - Prefinished Plank Flooring is primarily designed for Domestic Installation or for areas where one wishes to create that unusual and decorative feature floor in longer strips of timber.
Specification Clauses
“Total Bond” Wood Mosaic Parquetry Flooring
Notes
Not all species are manufactured and held as “stock lines” and contracts for the supply and installation should be let to the Nominated Sub-Contractor as soon as the building project is assigned to the Head Contractor to enable sufficient time for the preparation of materials. This clause becomes essential when using special size Block Parquetry to allow for sufficient drying of the timber.
Feature Strips
After completion of Parquet installation expansion joints shall be covered by the fitting of specified skirting’s scribed and fixed to perimeter walls by others.
Expansion Jointing Methods
(B) Fillet Mould
At the perimeter of walls, allow a minimum of 6mm expansion joint, then supply and fix a 19mm x 8mm bull-nosed timber fillet mould neatly fixed to the Parquetry with panel pins to allow for expansion.
(c) Neat Cutting to Cork
At the perimeter of walls, allow to supply and fix a 10 mm x 10mm “Grelm F” Cork Expansion Joint.
Specification Clauses
“Perfection” Block Parquet
Side Grain - Square Milled - Wood Block
Notes
Block Sizes
The dimensional size of this square milled block (generally 260 x 65 x 19mm or 350 x 70 x 19mm) have been developed over many years of careful experimentation and have proven to be extremely stable and capable of withstanding quite severe heavy traffic without effect. The depth of thickness of this block may be altered at any time to meet the specific requirements of particularly heavy traffic projects. (This block design may be manufactured up to 50mm in thickness.)
Please Note
Not all species are manufactured and held as “stock lines” and a contract for the supply and installation must be let to the Nominated Sub-Contractor as soon as the building project is assigned to the Head Contractor, to enable sufficient time for the preparation of material. This clause becomes essential when using special size Block Parquetry to allow for sufficient drying of the timber.
Expansion Jointing Methods
1. Fillet Mould
At the perimeter of walls allow a minimum 6 mm expansion joint, then supply and fix a 19mm x 8 mm bull-nosed timber fillet mould neatly fixed to the Parquetry with panel pins to allow for expansion.
OR
2. Neat Cutting to Cork
At the perimeter of walls, allow to supply and fix a 19mm x 19mm (or X the thickness of a special block size) “Grelm F” Cork Expansion Joint and neatly cut the Parquetry to finish parallel with the cork to form a tidy flush joint.
Specification Clauses
“Perfection” Block Parquet
Side Grain - Tongue And Grooved End Matched - Wood Block (318mm x 64mm x 19mm thick)
(a) Concrete sub-floors - steel trowelled concrete as per Section 3.1 (b) Timber sub-floors - as per Section 3.2.
“Perfection” Tongue And Grooved, End Matched, Side Grain, Wood Block Parquetry may be laid in any of the following designs:
* Brickbond
* Basketweave
* Woodweave
* Haddon Hall
(Square on Square)
* Herringbone
* Abbott
* Ashlar
*
Antionette
* Tuscany
Specification Clauses
“Perfection” Block Parquet
Side Grain - Tongue And Grooved - End Matched Wood Block
Notes
Block Size
The dimensional size of this tongue and grooved wood block (generally 318 x 64 x 19mm) has been developed over many years of careful experimentation and has been proved to be extremely stable and capable of withstanding quite severe heavy traffic without effect. The depth of thickness of this block may be altered at any time to meet the specific requirements of particularly heavy traffic projects. (This block design may be manufactured up to 50mm in thickness).
Please Note
Not all species are manufactured and held as “stock lines”
and a contract for the supply and installation must be let to the
Nominated Sub-Contractor as soon as the building project is assigned to the
Head Contractor, to enable sufficient time for the preparation of material.
This clause becomes essential when using special size Block Parquetry to allow
for sufficient drying of the timber.
After completion of Parquet
installation expansion joints shall be covered by the fitting of specified
skirting’s scribed and fixed to perimeter walls by others.
Expansion Jointing Methods
1. Fillet Mould
At the perimeter of walls allow a minimum 6 mm expansion joint, then supply and fix a 19 mm x 8 mm bull-nosed timber fillet mould neatly fixed to the Parquetry with panel pins to allow for expansion.
OR
2. Neat Cutting to Cork
At the perimeter of walls, allow to supply and fix a 19mm x 19 mm )(or x the thickness of a special block size) “Grelm F” Cork Expansion Joint and neatly cut the Parquetry to finish parallel with the cork to form a tidy flush joint.
Specification Clauses
“End Grain” “Perfection” Woodblock Parquet
Specification Clauses
“End Grain” “Perfection” Wood Block Parquet
The dimensional size of “Perfection” End Grain Block may be varied to suit your individual requirements. However, certain species are best laid in some of the following larger size blocks.
50 mm x 25 mm Section from 19 mm to 50 mm thick
75 mm x 50 mm
Section up to 50 mm thick
100 mm x 50 mm Section up to 50 mm
150 mm x
75 mm Section up to 150 mm thick
Please Note
Not all species are manufactured and held as “stock lines” and it is essential that contracts for “supply and installation” must be let to the Nominated Sub-Contractor as soon as the building project is assigned to the Head Contractor, to enable sufficient time for the preparation of these materials. (This clause is essential when using special size Block Parquetry to allow for sufficient drying of the timber.)
Note
“End Grain” Wood Block Parquetry is sometimes suited to the use of epoxy adhesives, especially when used with the smaller sectional sized blocks, in highly prestigious areas, and specific advice should be sought on adhesives for individual projects to establish the most superb result for particular circumstances. The thickness of this block flooring may be altered at any time to meet specific requirements, such as the entrance foyers and multi-storey buildings in lieu of marble, quarry tiles, etc., or Heavy Industrial Projects, where exceptional durability under heavy wear conditions is required. After completion of Parquet installation expansion joints shall be covered by the fitting of specified skirtings scribed and fixed to perimeter walls by others.
Expansion Jointing
Neat Cutting or Cork
At the perimeter of walls, allow to supply and fix 19mm x (the thickness of Parquetry) “Grelm F” Cork Expansion Joint and neatly cut the Parquetry to finish parallel with the cork to form a tidy flush joint.
Specification Clauses
“Embossed Parquet”
Wood Mosaic
Specification Clauses
“Embossed Parquet”
Wood Block
Specification Clauses
“Thrust” Floors Pneumatic Sports Hall
Flooring
Back to index
(A) Strictly Sporting Use Only Two (2) full coats of Penetrating Timber Sealer and one (1) full coat of Super Sports Finish, or
(B) Multi-Purpose Use Two (2) full coats of Satin Finish Timber Sealer, or
(C) Three (3) full coats of an approved Plastic Finish applied in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s printed instructions.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to index
Types Of Sub-Floors
All Australian Parquetry Industries Flooring Products are suitable for installing on any level, clean and dry sub-floor.
Broadly described, these include:
Concrete
Trowelable Underlays
Strip Timber Flooring
Plywood
Particle Board Or Sheet Flooring
Hardboard Underlays
All of which must comply with the minimum requirements of I.S.O. 9000 or Australian Standard 1262 - 1972.
Concrete Sub-Floors
Concrete sub-floors must essentially be level, clean and dry. Concrete slabs on ground, or fill, as well as slabs placed over swimming pools, showers of other wet areas must be efficiently and effectively sealed against the rising of moisture vapour by the installation of a continuous water-vapour proof membrane. Special precautions are also necessary to prevent moisture entering the slab from the sides or ends. Concrete sub-floors over which parquet is to be installed are to be very good in respect to planeness and levelness of surface tolerances.
Planeness Of The Surface - shall be to a maximum tolerance of 5 mm deviation below a straightedge 3 metres long when placed on the surface in any position, this is to be interpreted as a maximum deviation of + 2.5 mm from an established datum.
Smoothness Of The Surface - of the concrete shall be to a maximum tolerance that when a straightedge 150 mm long is placed upon the surface at any position, no part of the surface shall be more than 1 mm below the straightedge.
Cleanness Of The Surface - any surface over which parquet flooring is to be installed must be free from all dirt, dust or other loose material that could impair the bond of parquet to the surface.
It is also essential that under no circumstances should any curing compound, agent, admixture, wax, oil, grease or other deleterious substance contaminate the surface of the sub-floor as the adhesive bond will be impaired by their presence. It is also essential to ensure that should any grinding of the surface of the slab be necessary, then this must be carried out dry with a coarse stone to ensure that the pore structure of the concrete does not become clogged with a slurry of concrete dust.Should sub-floors be encountered that have been treated with curing compounds, additives, admixtures, etc. or contaminated in some way including wet grinding or a highly polished surface, the concrete sub-floor should undergo a thorough program of acid etching to product a good keyable surface. Instruction on the method of acid etching as sub-floor preparation should be carefully studied. (See section on “Acid Etching”).
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Trowelable Underlayments
When concrete sub-floor levelling is required, the preferred methods are as follows:
*** Note: Parquet flooring should not be laid on any concrete, magnesite or underlaid sub-floor having a moisture content in excess of 6% as measured by a Protimeter Concrete Master.
Strip Timber Flooring
The age, specie and condition of the timber floor dictate the treatment necessary to prepare same as a suitable sub-floor over which to install parquet. Moisture Content - In general terms the wooden sub-floor must simply be of seasoned timber, (within the range of 8-13%) of ambient moisture content and climatically adjusted to the environs in which it is to live. It shall be of sound, true, timber, tightly nailed to the joists with at least two nails at each joist crossing in every floorboard. It shall be plane and smooth in accordance with I.S.O. 9000 or Rules 7.2 and 7.3 of Australian Standards A.S. 1262 (1972) and all nails must be punched below the surface. In those cases where the sub-floor is excessively damaged or worn to an extent that sanding does not bring all sections of the floor to a plane surface of where there are gaps between the floorboards exceeding 2 mm, or where it has been coated or impregnated with a substance that cannot be thoroughly removed by sanding, then those portions shall be cut out and replaced or the sub-floor shall be covered with an approved sheet underlay according to Australian Standards. Basic sanding of the sub-floor to make clean and level shall be carried out in accordance with A.S. CA39 “Sanding of Interior Wooden Floors”. In certain circumstances a structural sheet underlay may be recommended prior to installing parquet. Of great importance in working over any timber sub-floor is good sub-floor ventilation to avoid still, damp air.
Timber
Timber sub-floors should be identified as being either new or old. If sub-floor is new, one needs to ascertain that the timber used has been correctly kiln dried and has not been wet with rain or by washing down brickwork etc., or been affected in some other obscure manner. All timber sub-floors intended to be sheeted with underlays should conform to the following:-
Sub-Floor Requirements
Timber
Timber Underlays
(1) 9mm Structural Grade, Waterproof Exterior, 3 ply plywood underlay - Grade “A” Bond.
(2) 5 mm Mill Run, Structural Grade, 3 ply plywood underlay - Grade “A” Bond.
(3) 6 mm tempered hardboard or cement based underlay.
All timber sub-floors must be level prior to sheeting with any one of the above underlayments and therefore should be coarse sanded, where necessary. Fixing of underlays must be strictly in accordance with I.S.O. 9000 or Australian Standards and where parquet is being laid on existing underlays, a careful inspection must be undertaken to ensure that the method of fixing and structural capacity of the existing underlay is satisfactory.
Structural Sheet Sub-Floors - Plywood/Particle Board/Asbestos Cement Sheeting.
The preferred form of Structural Sheet Flooring is plywood having a Type “A” Bond and complying with the requirements of A.S. 085, Pinus Structural Plywood or Equivalent Hardwood Structural Plywood, may be used. The durability and thickness of the sheets shall be in accordance with A.S. CA38, S.A.A. Light Timber Framing Code. Sheets shall be laid with their face piles at right angles to the line of supporting joists, and joints parallel to joists shall be staggered. Ends of sheets shall be butted centrally over joists, and edges of sheets, unless tongued and grooved, shall be joined centrally over noggings between joists, such noggings being of timber not less than 70 mm by 35 mm in section and set flush with the top of the joists. Nails used for fixing the sheets to the joists shall be not less in length than 2.5 times the thickness of the sheet and shall be spaced as follows:
(A) Flathead Nails - 150 mm centres along ends of sheets and 300 mm centres along edges.
(B) Jolt (Bullet) Head Nails - 100 mm centres along ends of sheets and 200mm centres along edges.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Sub-Floor Preparation
Concrete/Timber/Plywood/Particle Board/Magnesite
The sub-floor surface over which any parquet floor is to be installed must be sound, level, clean and dry and free from dust, dirt and loose material.
Underlayments
Underlayments generally take two forms:
(A) Trowelled Underlayments can vary in type according to specific job needs. Generally, however, trowelled underlays are used for either filling or levelling. It is recommended that advice be requested from our Technical Staff following a site inspection of specific projects. As all underlayments are not the same, nor will they perform the same job. Generally speaking, trowelled underlays shall be placed, spread, screeded and/or steel trowelled as recommended by the manufacturer of the nominated underlayment, all in accordance with Rules 5.2 and 5.3. Australian Standard 1262 (1972).
(B) Sheet Underlays - shall be laid and fixed over wooden sub-floors as
follows:
(i) The underlay shall be laid “Brickbond”, with the
sheets staggered in one direction. No gap between sheets shall be more than 3mm
wide. The sheets shall be nailed at 100 mm centres on all edges and 15 mm away
from the edges. The sheets shall be further nailed at intervals of 200 mm
centre-to-centre in each direction.
(ii) The nails shall be 25 mm x 14
gauge ring-grooved buttress nails (underlay nails) or divergent point staples
not less than 25 mm long.
(iii) Nails and staples shall be driven flush
with or below the underlay surface.
(iv) Where necessary, the underlay
should be lightly sanded at the joints to relieve discrepancies in height or
unevenness from nails or staples so that it will comply with Rules 5.2 and 5.3
A.S. 1261 (1972).
(v) The underlay shall be laid to within 10 mm of all
vertical surfaces to allow an expansion gap.
(vi) Should there be
discrepancy of levels at the abutment of any sheets, these shall be made level
by planing or sanding prior to proceeding with the laying of parquet.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Inspection And Testing Of Sub-Floors
Thrust Floors International Pty. Ltd. as nominated Sub-Contractor, takes full responsibility for thoroughly inspecting and moisture testing every sub-floor over which it is to install parquetry prior to carrying out any installation. The methods of inspection and testing shall be as follows:
A written record of all moisture tests shall be carefully maintained in chronological order and shall be available for inspection by the Supervising Officer upon request. Should slow drying impede completion of sections of the works, then specific inquiry should be made from our Technical Division regarding preferred recommendations on treatment for specific projects.
Moisture Testing - Timber And Timber Sub-Floors
Moisture content testing of timber shall be determined by the electrical moisture meter method as described in Australian Standards A.A. 1080 Section 3, Methods of Test for Timber (Part 1 - Moisture Content.) At the time of installation of parquet flooring the moisture content of the timber sub-floor shall be between 8 and 15 per cent.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Moisture Testing Equipment
Concrete and/ or Magnesite Sub-Floors
A concrete and/or magnesite sub-floor or any trowelled underlay shall have a moisture content not exceeding 6 per cent. The moisture content shall be determined by use of either:
(A) C.M. Apparatus - for absolute measurement (is the preferred
method).
(B) Protimeter Concrete Master - probe testing with gauge
readings.
Moisture testing shall be undertaken of every individual floor
area over which parquet is to be laid or at a rate not less than one test per
100 m2 of floor area.
********************
Acid Etching
Back to
index
Where required to remove surface contaminants the following procedure for acid etching MUST be undertaken. Acid mix shall be a 3-1 mix of Hydrochloric (muriatic) Acid and water. Being 1 gallon of acid added to 3 gallons of water. Acid etching shall be undertaken in controlled spaces that are free from other trades. The acid mix shall be spread onto the floor by using plastic watering cans to give an even distribution of acid. The mix shall then be worked around the floor until foaming and effervescence has ceased in all areas and the acid has ‘gone dead’. The acid solution on the floor shall then be diluted by watering the area with clean, clear water immediately prior to removing the solution with a wet-pick-up vacuum cleaner.
Note: While the solution that is removed from the floor is regarded as ‘dead acid’ recommendation is made that approval be sought on the disposal of waste material from the client or client’s representatives prior to commencement of work. After initial removal of dead acid from the floor, it is necessary to repeat the process of acid etching on all areas where effervescence failed to take place effectively and/or where there may be other visible signs of areas requiring rework.
On completion of the etching procedure it is absolutely essential that a very thorough program of washing and scrubbing with clean, pure water be undertaken to remove all presence of acid salts. If this procedure is not carried out very efficiently, it would be better if acid etching had never been undertaken. In this, it is simply a matter of care and attention to ensure that plenty of effort is used in scrubbing the surface with clean water and a clean stiff bristle broom prior to picking up the water with wet-pick-up equipment. The procedure of washing and scrubbing is usually repeated up to six (6) and more times depending entirely on the condition of the sub-floor. The amount of etching and scrubbing required is often something that must be determined during the currency of the work. Wherever possible, it is desirable to allow a minimum of 24 hours to elapse between the completion of acid etching and the commencement of laying parquetry in any area. Given certain conditions it is possible for laying to commence prior to that time, but recommendation is made that consultation be made with out Technical Department on the circumstances of each project. It is recommended that acid etching be regarded as essential in any specification where epoxy adhesives are to be used or wherever one is establishing a bond for Hi-Point-Load use.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
While it is possible to install parquet flooring over sub-floors heated by either electrical heating coils or hot water pipes, it is more desirable to avoid the use of sub-floor heating altogether. It is much more desirable to provide heating by some other method, wherever practically possible. This practical recommendation is made primarily because of the very detailed and precise nature of the parquet installation in such circumstances, and history has shown that the failure of sub-floor thermostats and the uncontrolled, ad hoc manipulation of controls by unauthorized personnel has brought about situations where sub-floor heating has gone way beyond design limits, causing failure of concrete toppings as well as floor coverings, in all, necessitating extensive and costly rectification and great disruption to the normal use of the building. Now if we have not convinced you that sub-floor heating does represent potential danger, the following procedure must be carefully adopted in the execution of any parquet or hardwood flooring installation over heated sub-floors.
It is also essential in the installation of heating coils to ensure that the coils themselves are laid onto an even surface so that the concrete topping applied over the heating system is common in thickness. Failure to observe strict adherence to this procedure can easily result in “hot spots” in the floor causing greater heat leakage in spots where coils might be immediately below the parquet instead of having 50 mm top cover. These hot spots in turn will result in excess loss of moisture of the timber installed in these areas, that loss of moisture being evident in the form of a small joint becoming evident around individual blocks of timber in the floor. It is also true that at various times of the year even a well installed parquet floor over a heated sub-floor will experience sufficient loss of moisture to produce a tiny hairline joint around every finger or block of timber. However, when conditions return to normal and a small amount of humidity comes back into the air, the floor then returns to its previous state. The maximum temperature that any sub-floor should reach for parquet to be a successful installation is 26 deg.C (89 deg.F)
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Heated Sub-Floors
Procedure For Installing Parquet Over Heated Sub-Floors
Our closing comments on the use of any sub-floor heating system are:
Ensure that any wall-mounted or other manual control units are totally enclosed or positioned so that only experienced and competent people have access to the controls which should not be adjusted up and down from nothing to “full blast” a dozen times each day. The practice of installing a dummy set of controls to satisfy the whim of interfering patrons is one of which we approve. Experience has shown that misuse of these controls will prove too much for any floor covering to cope with and eventually leads to floor failure.
Specification Clauses
“"Air-Thrust” Floor Pneumatic
Squash Court Flooring
Back to index
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Types Of Sub-Floors
All Australian Parquetry Industries Flooring Products are suitable for installing on any level, clean and dry sub-floor. Broadly described, these include:
Concrete
Trowelable Underlays
Strip Timber Flooring
Plywood
Particle Board Or Sheet Flooring
Hardboard Underlays
All of which must comply with the minimum requirements of I.S.O. 9000 or Australian Standard 1262 - 1972.
Concrete Sub-Floors
Concrete sub-floors must essentially be level, clean and dry. Concrete slabs on ground, or fill, as well as slabs placed over swimming pools, showers of other wet areas must be efficiently and effectively sealed against the rising of moisture vapour by the installation of a continuous water-vapour proof membrane. Special precautions are also necessary to prevent moisture entering the slab from the sides or ends. Concrete sub-floors over which parquet is to be installed are to be very good in respect to planeness and levelness of surface tolerances.
Planeness Of The Surface - shall be to a maximum tolerance of 5 mm deviation below a straightedge 3 metres long when placed on the surface in any position, this is to be interpreted as a maximum deviation of + 2.5 mm from an established datum.
Smoothness Of The Surface - of the concrete shall be to a maximum tolerance that when a straightedge 150 mm long is placed upon the surface at any position, no part of the surface shall be more than 1 mm below the straightedge.
Cleanness Of The Surface - any surface over which parquet flooring is to be installed must be free from all dirt, dust or other loose material that could impair the bond of parquet to the surface. It is also essential that under no circumstances should any curing compound, agent, admixture, wax, oil, grease or other deleterious substance contaminate the surface of the sub-floor as the adhesive bond will be impaired by their presence. It is also essential to ensure that should any grinding of the surface of the slab be necessary, then this must be carried out dry with a coarse stone to ensure that the pore structure of the concrete does not become clogged with a slurry of concrete dust. Should sub-floors be encountered that have been treated with curing compounds, additives, admixtures, etc. or contaminated in some way including wet grinding or a highly polished surface, the concrete sub-floor should undergo a thorough program of acid etching to product a good keyable surface. Instruction on the method of acid etching as sub-floor preparation should be carefully studied. (See section on “Acid Etching”).
Sub-Floor Requirements
Trowelable Underlayments
When concrete sub-floor levelling is required, the preferred methods are as follows:
*** Note: Parquet flooring should not be laid on any concrete, magnesite or underlaid sub-floor having a moisture content in excess of 6% as measured by a Protimeter Concrete Master.
Strip Timber Flooring
The age, specie and condition of the timber floor dictate the treatment necessary to prepare same as a suitable sub-floor over which to install parquet.
Moisture Content - In general terms the wooden sub-floor must simply be of seasoned timber, (within the range of 8-13%) of ambient moisture content and climatically adjusted to the environs in which it is to live. It shall be of sound, true, timber, tightly nailed to the joists with at least two nails at each joist crossing in every floorboard. It shall be plane and smooth in accordance with I.S.O. 9000 or Rules 7.2 and 7.3 of Australian Standards A.S. 1262 (1972) and all nails must be punched below the surface. In those cases where the sub-floor is excessively damaged or worn to an extent that sanding does not bring all sections of the floor to a plane surface of where there are gaps between the floorboards exceeding 2 mm, or where it has been coated or impregnated with a substance that cannot be thoroughly removed by sanding, then those portions shall be cut out and replaced or the sub-floor shall be covered with an approved sheet underlay according to Australian Standards. Basic sanding of the sub-floor to make clean and level shall be carried out in accordance with A.S. CA39 “Sanding of Interior Wooden Floors”. In certain circumstances a structural sheet underlay may be recommended prior to installing parquet. Of great importance in working over any timber sub-floor is good sub-floor ventilation to avoid still, damp air.
Timber
Timber sub-floors should be identified as being either new or old. If sub-floor is new, one needs to ascertain that the timber used has been correctly kiln dried and has not been wet with rain or by washing down brickwork etc., or been affected in some other obscure manner. All timber sub-floors intended to be sheeted with underlays should conform to the following:-
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Timber
Timber Underlays
(1) 9mm Structural Grade, Waterproof Exterior, 3 ply plywood underlay - Grade “A” Bond.
(2) 5 mm Mill Run, Structural Grade, 3 ply plywood underlay - Grade “A” Bond.
(3) 6 mm tempered hardboard or cement based underlay.
All timber sub-floors must be level prior to sheeting with any one of the above underlayments and therefore should be coarse sanded, where necessary. Fixing of underlays must be strictly in accordance with I.S.O. 9000 or Australian Standards and where parquet is being laid on existing underlays, a careful inspection must be undertaken to ensure that the method of fixing and structural capacity of the existing underlay is satisfactory.
Structural Sheet Sub-Floors - Plywood/Particle Board/Asbestos Cement Sheeting.
The preferred form of Structural Sheet Flooring is plywood having a Type “A” Bond and complying with the requirements of A.S. 085, Pinus Structural Plywood or Equivalent Hardwood Structural Plywood, may be used. The durability and thickness of the sheets shall be in accordance with A.S. CA38, S.A.A. Light Timber Framing Code. Sheets shall be laid with their face piles at right angles to the line of supporting joists, and joints parallel to joists shall be staggered. Ends of sheets shall be butted centrally over joists, and edges of sheets, unless tongued and grooved, shall be joined centrally over noggings between joists, such noggings being of timber not less than 70 mm by 35 mm in section and set flush with the top of the joists. Nails used for fixing the sheets to the joists shall be not less in length than 2.5 times the thickness of the sheet and shall be spaced as follows:
(A) Flathead Nails - 150 mm centres along ends of sheets and 300 mm centres along edges.
(B) Jolt (Bullet) Head Nails - 100 mm centres along ends of sheets and 200mm centres along edges.
MAGNESITE Magnesite sub-floors must be of a high quality and should only be tested by using a C.M. Apparatus. Magnesite sub-floors should have a skim coat of Ardit Z8 trowelled onto the surface and allowed to dry prior to laying parquet. Alternatively, if surface is close and tight, a prime coat of “Hi-Bond” Adhesive may be used as a primer to limit excessive absorption.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Sub-Floor Preparation
Concrete/Timber/Plywood/Particle Board/Magnesite
The sub-floor surface over which any parquet floor is to be installed must be sound, level, clean and dry and free from dust, dirt and loose material.
Underlayments
Underlayments generally take two forms:
(A) Trowelled Underlayments can vary in type according to specific job needs. Generally, however, trowelled underlays are used for either filling or levelling. It is recommended that advice be requested from our Technical Staff following a site inspection of specific projects. As all underlayments are not the same, nor will they perform the same job. Generally speaking, trowelled underlays shall be placed, spread, screeded and/or steel trowelled as recommended by the manufacturer of the nominated underlayment, all in accordance with Rules 5.2 and 5.3. Australian Standard 1262 (1972).
(B) Sheet Underlays - shall be laid and fixed over wooden sub-floors as follows:
(i) The underlay shall be laid “Brickbond”, with the sheets
staggered in one direction. No gap between sheets shall be more than 3mm
wide. The sheets shall be nailed at 100 mm centres on all edges and 15 mm away
from the edges. The sheets shall be further nailed at intervals of 200 mm
centre-to-centre in each direction.
(ii) The nails shall be 25 mm x 14
gauge ring-grooved buttress nails (underlay nails) or divergent point staples
not less than 25 mm long.
(iii) Nails and staples shall be driven flush
with or below the underlay surface.
(iv) Where necessary, the underlay
should be lightly sanded at the joints to relieve discrepancies in height or
unevenness from nails or staples so that it will comply with Rules 5.2 and 5.3
A.S. 1261 (1972).
(v) The underlay shall be laid to within 10 mm of all
vertical surfaces to allow an expansion gap.
(vi) Should there be
discrepancy of levels at the abutment of any sheets, these shall be made level
by planing or sanding prior to proceeding with the laying of parquet.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Inspection And Testing Of Sub-Floors
Concrete/Magnesite-Sub-Floors
Thrust Floors International Pty. Ltd. as nominated Sub-Contractor, takes full responsibility for thoroughly inspecting and moisture testing every sub-floor over which it is to install parquetry prior to carrying out any installation. The methods of inspection and testing shall be as follows:
Moisture Testing - Timber And Timber Sub-Floors
Back to index
Moisture content testing of timber shall be determined by the electrical moisture meter method as described in Australian Standards A.A. 1080 Section 3, Methods of Test for Timber (Part 1 - Moisture Content.) At the time of installation of parquet flooring the moisture content of the timber sub-floor shall be between 8 and 15 per cent.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Moisture Testing Equipment
Concrete And/ Or Magnesite Sub-Floors A concrete and/or magnesite sub-floor or any trowelled underlay shall have a moisture content not exceeding 6 per cent. The moisture content shall be determined by use of either:
(A) C.M. Apparatus - for absolute measurement (is the preferred
method).
(B) Protimeter Concrete Master - probe testing with gauge
readings. Moisture testing shall be undertaken of every individual floor area
over which parquet is to be laid or at a rate not less than one test per 100 m2
of floor area.
Acid Etching
Back to
index
Where required to remove surface contaminants the following procedure for acid etching MUST be undertaken. Acid mix shall be a 3-1 mix of Hydrochloric (muriatic) Acid and water. Being 1 gallon of acid added to 3 gallons of water. Acid etching shall be undertaken in controlled spaces that are free from other trades. The acid mix shall be spread onto the floor by using plastic watering cans to give an even distribution of acid. The mix shall then be worked around the floor until foaming and effervescence has ceased in all areas and the acid has ‘gone dead’. The acid solution on the floor shall then be diluted by watering the area with clean, clear water immediately prior to removing the solution with a wet-pick-up vacuum cleaner.
Note: While the solution that is removed from the floor is regarded as ‘dead acid’ recommendation is made that approval be sought on the disposal of waste material from the client or client’s representatives prior to commencement of work. After initial removal of dead acid from the floor, it is necessary to repeat the process of acid etching on all areas where effervescence failed to take place effectively and/or where there may be other visible signs of areas requiring rework. On completion of the etching procedure it is absolutely essential that a very thorough program of washing and scrubbing with clean, pure water be undertaken to remove all presence of acid salts. If this procedure is not carried out very efficiently, it would be better if acid etching had never been undertaken. In this, it is simply a matter of care and attention to ensure that plenty of effort is used in scrubbing the surface with clean water and a clean stiff bristle broom prior to picking up the water with wet-pick-up equipment. The procedure of washing and scrubbing is usually repeated up to six (6) and more times depending entirely on the condition of the sub-floor. The amount of etching and scrubbing required is often something that must be determined during the currency of the work. Wherever possible, it is desirable to allow a minimum of 24 hours to elapse between the completion of acid etching and the commencement of laying parquetry in any area. Given certain conditions it is possible for laying to commence prior to that time, but recommendation is made that consultation be made with out Technical Department on the circumstances of each project. It is recommended that acid etching be regarded as essential in any specification where epoxy adhesives are to be used or wherever one is establishing a bond for Hi-Point-Load use.
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Heated Sub-Floors
While it is possible to install parquet flooring over sub-floors heated by either electrical heating coils or hot water pipes, it is more desirable to avoid the use of sub-floor heating altogether. It is much more desirable to provide heating by some other method, wherever practically possible. This practical recommendation is made primarily because of the very detailed and precise nature of the parquet installation in such circumstances, and history has shown that the failure of sub-floor thermostats and the uncontrolled, ad hoc manipulation of controls by unauthorized personnel has brought about situations where sub-floor heating has gone way beyond design limits, causing failure of concrete toppings as well as floor coverings, in all, necessitating extensive and costly rectification and great disruption to the normal use of the building. Now if we have not convinced you that sub-floor heating does represent potential danger, the following procedure must be carefully adopted in the execution of any parquet or hardwood flooring installation over heated sub-floors.
It is also essential in the installation of heating coils to ensure that the coils themselves are laid onto an even surface so that the concrete topping applied over the heating system is common in thickness. Failure to observe strict adherence to this procedure can easily result in “hot spots” in the floor causing greater heat leakage in spots where coils might be immediately below the parquet instead of having 50 mm top cover. These hot spots in turn will result in excess loss of moisture of the timber installed in these areas, that loss of moisture being evident in the form of a small joint becoming evident around individual blocks of timber in the floor. It is also true that at various times of the year even a well installed parquet floor over a heated sub-floor will experience sufficient loss of moisture to produce a tiny hairline joint around every finger or block of timber. However, when conditions return to normal and a small amount of humidity comes back into the air, the floor then returns to its previous state. The maximum temperature that any sub-floor should reach for parquet to be a successful installation is 26 deg.C (89 deg.F)
Sub-Floor Requirements
Back to
index
Heated Sub-Floors Procedure For Installing Parquet Over Heated Sub-Floors
Our closing comments on the use of any sub-floor heating system are:
Ensure that any wall-mounted or other manual control units are totally enclosed or positioned so that only experienced and competent people have access to the controls which should not be adjusted up and down from nothing to “full blast” a dozen times each day. The practice of installing a dummy set of controls to satisfy the whim of interfering patrons is one of which we approve. Experience has shown that misuse of these controls will prove too much for any floor covering to cope with and eventually leads to floor failure.
Where You Should Use
Parquet - And Why
Back to index
Domestically
Parquet in its many forms can be used in almost any area of the average home, with the exception of external, bathroom and laundry areas which are traditionally “wet” areas. Parquet can be utilised to transform any home into a carefree place to live. As parquet is a natural product, aesthetically it compliments many other aspects of your home and decor. Being one of the world’s best insulators (hence the extensive use of timber in the coldest climates in the world) parquet is a comfortably warm product underfoot. In living areas of your home, parquet will give you decades of use and still retain that handsome character that only nature can impart.
Decorating with parquet is so simple and is extremely versatile. By simply moving a hide or scatter rug from one room to the next you can change your entire decor.
Economically you can’t afford not to have a parquet floor. For around the same cost as any other quality floor covering, you can have a hand crafted piece of nature, right in your home. With normal care those floors will probably outlive you. What other floor covering can you install that can be completely rejuvenated to a “brand new condition” after years of service. Remember, today the only thing that counts is the value of your assets. Parquet will add substantially to the value of any home, old or new and in resale value the wisdom is realised in that your parquet floor coverings are adding daily to the value of your home.
Can you really imagine just how much it is going to cost to re-carpet or re-floor a home 10 years from now - when it’s already costing your back teeth today!
The ability, on resale of your home, to be able to present your prospective client with “as brand new” floor coverings (the hardest wear item in any home) is an asset that is as good as money in the bank. Asthma and hay fever sufferers find parquet a boon, for with the use of an Electrostatic Dust Control Mop, you can ensure that your house is spotlessly free of dust and animal hair with just a simple 2 minute job. Parquet is just so simple to maintain and keep clean and very resistant to stains and soil. In the kitchen, you can retain the beauty of natural timber to compliment your cupboards and bench work. Our showrooms have ample displays of luxurious parquet, suitable for bench tops, that will so impress you. You will be surprised how harmonious an environment you can create when you break free of that world of plastics in which we have become so entangled. Our showrooms present you with the choice of over one hundred patterns and designs with large areas displayed.
Where You Should Use Parquet - And Why
Back to index
Commercially
Commercially, parquet has almost limitless uses.
Economically it is worthwhile
studying two extensive research publications on floors and floor
maintenance
costs. These two studies conducted firstly by the Swiss Institute of Domestic
Science and secondly by David G. Martens, Bachelor of Science in Forest
Products, Iowa State University, USA and Master’s Degree in Wood
Technology, are available from the Company’s various technical libraries.
The extensive research undertaken by both studies, which covers a broad
spectrum of floor coverings used domestically, in office building, public halls
and buildings, restaurants etc., clearly shows that parquet and hardwood
flooring systems are dollar for dollar considerably more economical and can
certainly demonstrate “cost effectiveness” in every sense of the
word. Parquet is ideal for use in any of the following commercial
situations: * Schools
* Motor Car Showrooms
* Multi-Purpose Halls
* Feature Floors - Ceilings - Walls
* Clubs
* Recording Studios
*
Banks
* Colleges
* Restaurants
* Universities
* Dance
Floors
* Printing Factories
* Offices
* Churches
*
Kindergartens and Pre-Schools
* Wine Bars
* Industrial Work Areas
*
Public Areas (Internal)
* Theatres
* Entrance Foyers
* Home Units
* Libraries
* Projects where the absence of dust and the absence of dirt in
a work area represents avoidance of machine breakdowns
* Projects where
static electricity originating from floor coverings is essential
* Projects
requiring electrical insulation and/ or thermal insulation
If you appreciate fine music, you cannot be without the perfect touch of parquet with all its tremendous acoustic advantages. As the years go by, one can easily add onto an existing parquet floor, repair or replace a section if needs be, without being able to discern a difference. Here one is not bound by the restrictions of changing fashion colours.
Where You Should Use Parquet - And Why
Industrially
Parquet performs an impressive role. Many heavy industrial situations are extremely demanding of any flooring system. Many people in the work place don’t always use machines and equipment with the care that they should. Therefore, there is tremendous advantage in having a flooring system that can cope with almost any situation, does not require costly maintenance, and can be completely rejuvenated many, many times in its life should that be desirable. In projects such as printing works where the highly abrasive dirt and grit off concrete and similar floors can stop production and cost a fortune in maintenance, hi-performance parquet floors, especially where used End Grain, can give decades of use without showing any appreciable wear. In hot metal works where hot castings, etc. can’t be stored on cold concrete floors, heavy wood blocks take heaps of abuse and provide excellent protection for the products being manufactured. Because parquet and hardwood flooring is manufactured from pure lumber and is a totally natural product, it lives and breathes throughout its life. In this process of breathing the cellular construction of the wood fibre absorbs and gives off moisture. If placed in external situations, or in locations that can generally be described as “wet areas”, timber in a flooring situation can uptake excessive amounts of moisture which can cause buckling. Alternatively, if timber is placed in situations that from time to time experience severe heat or extreme dry conditions, then shrinkage can take place. In short, one simply needs to apply common sense in the use and application of the product and the proudest of results shall be forthcoming.
Do not use in external or exposed situations
Do not
use in “wet areas”
Do not use in severe heat or extreme
dry locations without consultation with our Technical Department for specific
advice on the industrial applications.
When used in air conditioned buildings, it is desirable to have the air conditioning in full, effective and constant balanced operation prior to the flooring installation. Where possible double the period between laying and sanding and finishing, for best possible results. If used over heated sub-floors, a particular sequence of laying and finishing must be established along with a schedule of heating times, to achieve the optimum result. The prime objective should be to install any product or material under similar conditions to which it will continually live, if perfection is to be achieved.
Types, Details And Comments
Floor finishes, surface treatments and coatings are really a subject all of their own. However, this section of our Technical Catalogue confines itself broadly to the types and styles of floor finishes without discussing specific brands. In short, there are two types of surface coatings, being in the form of penetrating oils or surface sealers, alternatively, surface coatings such as polyurethane or epoxies. In general, our organization strongly supports use of the penetrating oils and sealers for the majority of commercial installations. These penetrating systems being applied until the surface is finally brought to a thoroughly sealed state. In this way one ends up with a thin surface of finish on the face of the product which is usually maintained with an occasional application of a first quality spirit based wax polish, while beneath is a good depth of wood fibre thoroughly saturated with deep penetrating timber seal. Polyurethane or plastic finishes and/ or epoxy finishes also have their place. In the home many people prefer a polyurethane finish. On kitchen floors and the like it is simply a matter of client choice, for with normal care and attention, either are equally suitable. However, with time at a premium most people opt for the easy care that polyurethane offers, without the need to polish. Dependent on the specific use to which each floor is put, our general recommendations are as follows. However, we would encourage you to consult our Technical Division for their specific advice on the known use of particular projects.
Three (3) full coats Hi-Solid Polyurethane Coating.
Two (2) full coats of Tung Oil Sealer (which on many projects is conducted using the American “wet burnished” technique to drive the fine wood oils deep into the pores of the wood). Finishing is again with Slip Retardant Spirit Based Wax Polish, buffed to a soft satin sheen.
Stadium and Gymnasium Floors require very special finishing. One must firstly understand whether the facility is to be used strictly for Sports Hall Activity or whether as a Multi-Purpose Activities Area. Here, one must understand that there is no such finish as the “optimum” for all activities. The best finish for Ballroom Dancing will not be the best finish for Basketball and vice versa.
Floor Finishes
Types, Details And Comments
For Multi-Purpose Gymnasiums use, one has the choice between:
a). Two full coats of satin finish timber sealer which is able to be treated with a “trafficable surface” of acrylic coating. The acrylic surface in this situation is able to be kept in excellent condition with very little effort. The procedure involved here requires only the use of the scissor type electrostatic dust control mop which keeps all dirt, grit and dust from abrading the surface of the floor. Any marks, for instance, white sandshoe marks where a player may stop violently, twist, turn and takeoff again, are very simple removed by occasionally going over the floor with a vacuum pick-up polishing machine using only a clean, dry bristle brush or very fine nylon burnishing pads.
b). This method again for Multi-Purpose Gymnasium use involves the application of: Two (2) full coats of Deep Penetrating Timber Sealer and one (1) full coat of Super Sports Hall Surface Finish. (Alternatively, in given situations it can be more acceptable to apply one (1) coat of Deep Penetrating Timber Sealer and two (2) full coats of Super Sports Hall Finish). Either of these floor treatments are highly suitable for maintenance with the Acrylic floor treatment described on the previous page.
Sports Stadiums - Indoor Sporting Use
Here one can make practical use of the Polyurethane Finish. As with epoxies, there are polyurethane and polyurethane, and they do not all perform anything like the same. Generally speaking, polyurethane will give you excellent traction but introduce much higher reflective qualities into your floor finish making it essential that the correct stadium lighting is installed to compliment the floor finish. Being a surface treatment, polyurethane and/or epoxy coatings set up on the surface of the timber and are therefore in a situation that scratching of the surface will leave a white mark. Polyurethane and / or epoxy coating are at the top end of the price range and are best utilised in stadiums used strictly for indoor sporting activities. There are a number of extremely fine products available on the world market and there is a wide difference in some of the pricing. Consultation with our Technical Department is encouraged prior to final documentation of floor finishes on major projects.
The Do’s And Do Not’s
The maintenance of our full range of products can broadly be covered by detailing maintenance of the following floor finishes. Generally speaking, however, the maintenance of any parquet or hardwood flooring system is very simple and quite economical. The prime requisite with any floor is to keep dirt, dust or grit to a minimum. By using a fine hair broom and/ or an electrostatic dust control mop, your floors can be kept in a very clean condition. Hardwood flooring finished with any of the following surface coatings should be maintained only with a first quality spirit based wax polish. These waxes are available with varying degrees of slip retardants which make them highly adaptable for use in almost any situation.
a) Satin finish timber seal
b) Tung Oil seal
c) Deep
Penetrating Timber Seal
The greatest advantage in using surface coatings which are maintained in this way is that over the life of the floor, the oils and natural goodness from the spirit based wax continues to feed the wood fibre of the timber. Regular maintenance in this way can produce floors that look more and more handsome as the years go by, than the day that they were first installed. Just like a fine piece of furniture, that little bit of loving care can produce beautiful results on your floors. Any marks that might occur in this type of finish can simply be removed by using a cloth “dampened” with mineral turpentine. Really stubborn marks might sometimes require working with a thin application of wax broken down with mineral turpentine beneath a fine nylon pad under a polishing machine, but the finished result of the floor is always very handsome. Acrylic finishes, as applied to sports hall and multi-purpose facilities simply requires regular dusting with an electrostatic dust control mop to keep the surface free of abrasive dirt and grit. Other than this the occasional buffing of the floor with either a clean, dry bristly brush or fine nylon pad beneath a polishing machine, will keep the surface clean with a pleasant, low reflective surface. When, and as required, additional coats of acrylic can be applied by normal maintenance staff who do not require specialised training. The types of acrylic recommended by the company are self-levelling and very easy to apply without leaving lap marks or other faults in the coating. Polyurethane and/ or epoxy finishes generally require only regular mopping with electrostatic dust control mops to keep the surface free from abrasive dirt and grit. While the life of these coatings is usually very good, it is not uncommon that after a period of a few years, when they have become a little scratched and marked, that the floor may require being cut back and recoated with additional coats of the same materials. Here it should be understood that this is possible only where the surface of the floor has not been contaminated by the use of waxes, detergents, etc. which can affect the bonding of additional coats if not fully cut back.
The Do’s and Do Not’s
The Do’s
Do keep your floors free of dirt, grit and abrasive particles.
Do use Electrostatic Mats and Mops to advantage wherever possible to cut down greatly the need for maintenance.
Do keep your sealed floors maintained with a first quality “spirit based” wax polish. (During the first two to three months of a new sealed flooring installation, you are advised to apply a thin even coat of wax to your floor on a weekly basis to feed and nourish the timber and to work your floors up to that cared for, handsome appearance).
Do feel free to use fine nylon pads beneath your polishing machine for both polishing and burnishing your sealed and wax finished floors.
Do take advantage of using vacuum pick-up polishing equipment in all commercial situations.
Do only use mineral turpentine to wipe over your floors or remove any marks. Use “sparingly”. Also use to remove any build up that might occur, which should never be necessary if a floor is maintained correctly.
Do not under any circumstances wash any timber or parquet floor
with either hot or cold water.
Do not use detergents of any kind on
any wooden floor.
Do not use water-emulsified wax polishes.
Do not use any maintenance product or procedure of which you
are uncertain, without consulting our Technical Division. There are thousands
of products on the Australian market which people advertise as being suitable
for a particular use.